RESUMO
Antecedentes y objetivo: Las alteraciones vestibulares se encuentran ligadas a un grupo de patologías que pueden afectar estructuras vestibulares, auditivas, o ambas partes del oído interno del ser humano. El problema abordado en este estudio responde a una escasez de información sobre el perfil audiológico de las personas que cursan con alteraciones vestibulares en Costa Rica. Existen investigaciones internacionales que abordan este tema, pero no hay registros de estudios realizados en la población costarricense. Es por este motivo que surge el interés de desarrollar esta investigación, cuyo objetivo es caracterizar el perfil audiológico y los grados de discapacidad en las personas con alteraciones vestibulares pertenecientes a la consulta del Centro Equilibra, durante los meses de septiembre a noviembre de 2019.Pacientes y métodosSe realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo y observacional-analítico con pacientes mayores de 18años que acudieron al Centro Equilibra. Las principales variables analizadas fueron el sexo, la edad, los antecedentes patológicos personales, el diagnóstico médico, los síntomas vestibulares primarios, las manifestaciones auditivas y los grados de discapacidad.ResultadosSe obtuvieron datos de 177 personas, donde las alteraciones vestibulares se presentaron más en el sexo femenino (razón 2,6:1). La media de edad fue de 56años. El 53,7% presentó pérdida auditiva, de tipo neurosensorial, ligera, gradualmente descendente. El 33,9% de la población presentó acúfeno, en su mayoría en frecuencias agudas. En la población adulta el 52% presentó algún grado de percepción de discapacidad auditiva; contrariamente, en los adultos mayores la mayoría (77%) no presentó ningún grado de discapacidad. El 87% de las personas percibieron discapacidad vestibular debido a su alteración vestibular. (AU)
Background and objective: Vestibular disorders are linked to a group of pathologies that can affect the vestibular part, the auditory part, or both parts of the inner ear. The problem in this study is the little information that exists about the audiological profile of people suffering from vestibular disorders in Costa Rica. There are international research studies on this topic, but there are no records of studies conducted in the Costa Rican population. This is why there is interest in developing this research which aims to characterize the audiological profile and the levels of handicap in people with vestibular disorders under Centro Equilibra, Vertigo and Equilibrio consultation during the months of September to November 2019.Patients and methodsA descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and observational analytical study with patients over 18years old who attended Centro Equilibra. The main variables analysed were sex, age, personal pathological history, medical diagnosis, main vestibular symptoms, auditory manifestations, and levels of handicap.ResultsThe data was obtained from 177 people; vestibular disorders occurred more in the female sex (ratio 2.6:1). The mean age was 56years. Fifty-three point seven percent presented slight sensorineural hearing loss, gradually decreasing. Of the population, 33.9% presented tinnitus, mostly at high frequencies. In the adult population, 52% presented some level of hearing handicap, unlike older adults, where the majority (77%) did not present any level of handicap. People with vestibular disorders perceive greater physical handicap (83%).ConclusionsHearing loss was the most common hearing manifestation and although statistical analysis shows that it is not directly related to vestibular disorders, it is related to concomitant metabolic diseases. For this reason, it is necessary to promote the prevention of metabolic diseases as one of the measures to improve hearing health, even from an early age. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Perda Auditiva , Zumbido , Doenças Metabólicas , Diagnóstico , PacientesRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vestibular disorders are linked to a group of pathologies that can affect the vestibular part, the auditory part, or both parts of the inner ear. The problem in this study is the little information that exists about the audiological profile of people suffering from vestibular disorders in Costa Rica. There are international research studies on this topic, but there are no records of studies conducted in the Costa Rican population. This is why there is interest in developing this research which aims to characterize the audiological profile and the levels of handicap in people with vestibular disorders under Centro Equilibra, Vertigo and Equilibrio consultation during the months of September to November 2019. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and observational analytical study with patients over 18 years old who attended Centro Equilibra. The main variables analysed were sex, age, personal pathological history, medical diagnosis, main vestibular symptoms, auditory manifestations, and levels of handicap. RESULTS: The data was obtained from 177 people; vestibular disorders occurred more in the female sex (ratio 2.6:1). The mean age was 56 years. Fifty-three point seven percent presented slight sensorineural hearing loss, gradually decreasing. Of the population, 33.9% presented tinnitus, mostly at high frequencies. In the adult population, 52% presented some level of hearing handicap, unlike older adults, where the majority (77%) did not present any level of handicap. People with vestibular disorders perceive greater physical handicap (83%). CONCLUSIONS: Hearing loss was the most common hearing manifestation and although statistical analysis shows that it is not directly related to vestibular disorders, it is related to concomitant metabolic diseases. For this reason, it is necessary to promote the prevention of metabolic diseases as one of the measures to improve hearing health, even from an early age.
Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial , Doenças Vestibulares , Adolescente , Idoso , Costa Rica , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/diagnóstico , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vertigem , Doenças Vestibulares/diagnóstico , Doenças Vestibulares/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vestibular disorders are linked to a group of pathologies that can affect the vestibular part, the auditory part, or both parts of the inner ear. The problem in this study is the little information that exists about the audiological profile of people suffering from vestibular disorders in Costa Rica. There are international research studies on this topic, but there are no records of studies conducted in the Costa Rican population. This is why there is interest in developing this research which aims to characterize the audiological profile and the levels of handicap in people with vestibular disorders under Centro Equilibra, Vertigo and Equilibrio consultation during the months of September to November 2019. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and observational analytical study with patients over 18years old who attended Centro Equilibra. The main variables analysed were sex, age, personal pathological history, medical diagnosis, main vestibular symptoms, auditory manifestations, and levels of handicap. RESULTS: The data was obtained from 177 people; vestibular disorders occurred more in the female sex (ratio 2.6:1). The mean age was 56years. Fifty-three point seven percent presented slight sensorineural hearing loss, gradually decreasing. Of the population, 33.9% presented tinnitus, mostly at high frequencies. In the adult population, 52% presented some level of hearing handicap, unlike older adults, where the majority (77%) did not present any level of handicap. People with vestibular disorders perceive greater physical handicap (83%). CONCLUSIONS: Hearing loss was the most common hearing manifestation and although statistical analysis shows that it is not directly related to vestibular disorders, it is related to concomitant metabolic diseases. For this reason, it is necessary to promote the prevention of metabolic diseases as one of the measures to improve hearing health, even from an early age.
